PLANTS
Plants are living things because they are born, grow, reproduce and die. To live they need water, oxygen , sunlight and nutrients. Some plants have flowers, some have vegetables and some other have fruits. Both animals and people depend on plants for food.
1.The stages in the growing process of a plant are:
- Seeds.
- Soil.
- Water.
- Sunlights.
- Roots.
- Sprout.
- Growing.
- Bud.
- Petals.
The seed needs water, soil and sunlight to stat the next step called germination. GERMINATION is when the seed swells taking in nutrients and water and star to grow. After the germination process the seed forms a root that will look for food and water in the soil to help it grow. Then the seed stars to form its first leaves under the ground. The root now forms tiny lateral roots and the plant sprouts.
When the leaves are up out of the ground they will start to make food for the plant from oxygen and light. This process is called PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Then the leaves and the stem grow. The roots also grow to provide support and nutrients. After all this process a little bud appear. The bud consists of many layers that form a flower inside. When is is fully form the flower comes out. Flowers will attract butterflies, bees and other insects that will help in POLLINATION. Once the seeds are in different places the life cycle of a plant starts again
2.Parts of a flower
3. Pollination
Pollination is the reproduction of plants. Pollen is at the top of the anthers. When an insect flies around this area, pollen sticks on its body. So when the insect flies around the flower, the pollen falls into another or the same flower.
Types of pollination
Pollination occurs when insects, water, wind, dogs,
birds or people come in contact with the pollen and help in pollination. There are 2 types:
- Self-pollination where a complete flower pollinates on the same flower.
- Cross-pollination where a flower pollinates another flower.In this type of pollination, pollen is transferred from the anther of one flower of one plant to stigma of another flower of another plant.
4. Fertilization
Pollen lands on the stigma, and goes down the style to the ovary where pollen fertilizates the egg.
5. Photosynthesis
The process of photosyntesis is done by the leaves. With this process the plant produces its own food. The leaves have tiny little holes called stomata where photosyntesis is made:
Through the stomata the
leaf absorbs carbon dioxide from the air
and sunlight to produce oxygen . The leaf absorbs the sunlight thanks to a
product called chlorophyll (green color of plants).
6. Parts of the leave
Types of leaves
Leaves can be
classified in different ways: according to the petiole,
according to the blade, according to the edge, according to the veins
and according to the arrangement in the stem.
- According to the petiole.
Petiolated
Sessile
- According to the
blade.
· According to the edge.
Entire Dentate Serrate
Lobed
· According to the veins.
· According to the arrangement along the stem.
- Alternate leaves . - Opposite leaves. -Leaves in whorls
7. Curiosities:
What parts of the plants do we eat?
1. Roots:
carrots, onions, potatoes, garlic…
2. Stem:
asparagus, sugar, cane, celery, leek…
3. Leaf:
spinach, lettuce, chard, parsley, beet…
4. Fruit:
tomato, apple, pear, plum, orange…
5. Seeds:
lentils, beans, chickpea, rice, pipe…
6. Sprouts:
bushel, cabbages, cauliflower…
Medicinal
plants
The medicinal plants are also used for other purpose like food, cleaning, personal care and perfumery.
Carnivorous
plants
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